The RAND HRS Longitudinal Dataset is a cleaned, processed, and streamlined data product derived from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), America's premier longitudinal study of population aging. Created by the RAND Center for the Study of Aging with support from the National Institute on Aging and Social Security Administration, this dataset transforms complex survey data into a user-friendly format for researchers. The dataset contains comprehensive information on demographics, health status, health insurance coverage, Social Security benefits, pension plans, family structure, retirement expectations, and employment history. It includes model-based imputations for income, assets, and medical expenditures developed at RAND, along with spousal counterparts of most individual-level variables. Its primary purpose is making HRS data more accessible to support research on retirement decisions, economic well-being, healthcare utilization, and aging policies. Key features include consistent naming conventions across waves, public-use data without restrictions, and the ability to merge with other RAND HRS products. The longitudinal structure enables analysis of life course transitions, making it invaluable for studying how individuals age and navigate retirement over time.